There is more than one.
The Highland Society of London was formed in England in 1778 with "the view of establishing and supporting schools in the Highlands and in the Northern parts of Great Britain, for relieving distressed Highlanders at a distance from their native homes, for preserving the antiquities and rescuing from oblivion the valuable remains of Celtic literature, and for promoting the improvement and general welfare of the Northern parts of Great Britain" It still exists in England.
A Canadian Branch was established in 1818 and was re-organized in 1842. At that time it attempted to form branches in Quebec, Montreal, Kingston, Toronto, Niagara, Hamilton, Amherstburg, Bytown (Ottawa), Johnstown, Goderich, and Perth.
An 1844 history of the Highland Society of Canada is online1. An 1873 account of the Highland Society of London (England) is online 2 which mentions the Highland Society of Canada, and a history of it to 1813 is online3.
Branches:
Hamilton <1858 1862>
Toronto <1861 1861>
References:
(1) https://ia600307.us.archive.org/15/items/cihm_09169/cihm_09169.pdf
(2) https://archive.org/details/highlandsocietyo00high
(3)http://books.google.ca/books/about/An_account_of_the_Highland_Society_of_Lo.html?id=3BgMAQAAMAAJ&redir_esc=y